Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus are released by NCERT (National Council of Educational Research and Training). There are two parts of Class 12 Chemistry books – Part I and Part II. Part I books consists of 9 units whereas Part II consists of 5 units. It mainly consists of total 14 Units, out of which 4 units has been removed in the latest syllabus of 2023-2024. Now, Class 12 chemistry syllabus consist of total 10 units.
As, there are many chapters to study, so students must thoroughly go through the latest syllabus and marking scheme for better preparation. Otherwise, students may be confused, from which chapter they should start first. A PDF of the Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus is also given below. So, directly download it and utilize for better study strategy. Students must always know, which chapters are more important and which chapter contain maximum marks. So, they will have the better idea to prepare for a better study plan.
So, a direct link to download Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus PDF Free Download is also provided below for the students.
NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2023 – 2024
Though class 12 Chemistry syllabus consists 10 units, but all the units are not equally important. So, don’t forget to check out marking scheme for better study plan. Always, start with the most important chapters first. Below is the syllabus of Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2023 – 2024.
Unit II: Solutions
Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, Raoult’s law, colligative properties – relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van’t Hoff factor.
Unit III: Electrochemistry
Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion.
Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics
Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius equation.
Unit VIII: d and f Block Elements
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.
Lanthanoids – Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences.
Actinoids – Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.
Unit IX: Coordination Compounds
Coordination compounds – Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner’s theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system).
Unit X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation mechanism of substitution reactions.
Haloarenes: Nature of C–X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only).
Uses and environmental effects of – dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT.
Unit XI: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.
Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.
Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.
Unit XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes, uses.
Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses.
Unit XIII: Amines
Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
Unit XIV: Biomolecules
Carbohydrates – Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.
Proteins – Elementary idea of – amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins – primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Hormones – Elementary idea excluding structure.
Vitamins – Classification and functions. Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.
NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2023 – 2024 – Download Syllabus PDF
You can download the Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2023-2024 directly from the download link –
NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Practical Syllabus
Here’s given below NCERT Class 12 Chemistry practical syllabus. Students should thoroughly learn about practical experiments as it will not only help in practical exam to score better marks but also help to gain practical knowledge which will remain with you throughout the life. A PDF of the practical syllabus is also given below. So, students can study online or directly download for offline use.
Micro-chemical methods are available for several of the practical experiments. Wherever possible, such techniques should be used.
A. Surface Chemistry
- (a) Preparation of one lyophilic and one lyophobic sol
- Lyophilic sol – starch, egg albumin and gum
- Lyophobic sol – aluminium hydroxide, ferric hydroxide, arsenous sulphide.
- (b) Dialysis of sol-prepared in (a) above.
- (c) Study of the role of emulsifying agents in stabilizing the emulsion of different oils.
B. Chemical Kinetics
- (a) Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid.
- (b) Study of reaction rates of any one of the following:
- (i) Reaction of Iodide ion with Hydrogen Peroxide at room temperature using different concentration of Iodide ions.
- (ii) Reaction between Potassium Iodate, (KIO3) and Sodium Sulphite: (Na2SO3) using starch solution as indicator (clock reaction).
C. Thermochemistry
Any one of the following experiments
- i) Enthalpy of dissolution of Copper Sulphate or Potassium Nitrate.
- ii) Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid (HCI) and strong base (NaOH).
- iii) Determination of enthaply change during interaction (Hydrogen bond formation) between Acetone and Chloroform.
D. Electrochemistry
- Variation of cell potential in Zn/Zn2+|| Cu2+/Cu with change in concentration of electrolytes (CuSO4 or ZnSO4) at room temperature.
E. Chromatography
- i) Separation of pigments from extracts of leaves and flowers by paper chromatography and determination of Rf values.
- ii) Separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture containing two cations only (constituents having large difference in Rf values to be provided).
F. Preparation of Inorganic Compounds
- Preparation of double salt of Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate or Potash Alum. Preparation of Potassium Ferric Oxalate.
G. Preparation of Organic Compounds
Preparation of any one of the following compounds
- i) Acetanilide ii) Di -benzalAcetone iii) p-Nitroacetanilide iv) Aniline yellow or 2 – Naphthol Anilinedye.
H. Tests for the functional groups present in organic compounds:
- Unsaturation, alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and amino (Primary) groups.
I. Characteristic tests of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in pure samples and their detection in given foodstuffs.
J. Determination of concentration/ molarity of KMnO4 solution by titrating it against a standard solution of:
- i) Oxalic acid,
- ii) Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate
(Students will be required to prepare standard solutions by weighing themselves).
K. Qualitative analysis
Determination of one cation and one anion in a given salt.
- Cation : Pb2+, Cu2+ As3+, Aℓ3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+
- Anions: (CO3)2-, S2-, (SO3)2-, (NO2)-, (SO4)2-, Cℓ-, Br-, I-, PO3-4, (C2O4)2-, CH3COO-,NO3-
(Note: Insoluble salts excluded)